The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired twice late to seize a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the dying seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.